A Crew Dragon spacecraft splashed down off the California coast Jan. 15, bringing back four people from the ISS more than a month early because of a medical issue.

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An Indian startup is entering the satellite servicing market with plans to develop low-cost spacecraft to extend the lives of satellites.

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Chinese commercial firm CAS Space launched its first Lihong-1 suborbital flight and recovery test mission, seeing a successful parachute descent of the capsule.

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Long known for communicating through scent and sound, learn how deer may also be using photoluminescence to advertise their presence and mating status.

Learn how fleeting red points seen in the early universe mark a brief growth phase of young black holes hidden inside dense gas.

Learn about the most complete Homo habilis fossil ever found, and how this fossil is changing what we know about human evolution.

Learn how growth rings preserved in fossilized leg bones helped reconstruct a far longer and more complex life history for T. rex.

Terahertz instrument at Dome A, world’s driest spot, traces the faint glow of gases beyond other telescopes’ reach

Famed dino likely spent much of its life competing for food against smaller predators

New research has discovered that a neural circuit may explain procrastination. Scientists were able to disrupt this connection using a drug.

Learn how growth patterns in tooth enamel and residues trapped in dental plaque were used to reconstruct childhood development and adult diets in an Iron Age Italian community.

In space, bacteriophages mutate in ways not seen on Earth, making them more effective at killing drug-resistant bacteria.

A delay in one European Space Agency mission is creating an opportunity for an earlier, and more capable, launch for another ESA spacecraft.

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When President John F. Kennedy stood before Congress in May 1961 and declared that the United States would land a man on the moon before the decade’s end, his purpose was not to invent the space program, but to impose a clear objective, a deadline and the resources to unify these efforts. The success of […]

The post Taiwan’s Moonshot: why ‘T-Dome’ needs systems engineering, not just a shopping list appeared first on SpaceNews.

If you stayed in a hotel last night, there’s a good chance you saw that familiar placard in the bathroom: “Help save the planet — hang your towel and we won’t wash it.” At a recent panel, I asked the audience how many had seen that sign. Most hands went up. Then I asked them […]

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Analysis of 41 million papers finds that although AI expands individual impact, it narrows collective scientific exploration

Learn about the woolly rhino genome that was recovered from a wolf's stomach, providing insight on the extinct species' genetic health. 

Physicists at the University of Stuttgart, Germany have teleported a quantum state between photons generated by two different semiconductor quantum dot light sources located several metres apart. Though the distance involved in this proof-of-principle “quantum repeater” experiment is small, members of the team describe the feat as a prerequisite for future long-distance quantum communications networks.

“Our result is particularly exciting because such a quantum Internet will encompass these types of distant quantum nodes and will require quantum states that are transmitted among these different nodes,” explains Tim Strobel, a PhD student at Stuttgart’s Institute of Semiconductor Optics and Functional Interfaces (IHFG) and the lead author of a paper describing the research. “It is therefore an important step in showing that remote sources can be effectively interfaced in this way in quantum teleportation experiments.”

In the Stuttgart study, one of the quantum dots generates a single photon while the other produces a pair of photons that are entangled – meaning that the quantum state of one photon is closely linked to the state of the other, no matter how far apart they are. One of the photons in the entangled pair then travels to the other quantum dot and interferes with the photon there. This process produces a superposition that allows the information encapsulated in the single photon to be transferred to the distant “partner” photon from the pair.

Quantum frequency converters

Strobel says the most challenging part of the experiment was making photons from two remote quantum dots interfere with each other. Such interference is only possible if the two particles are indistinguishable, meaning they must be similar in every regard, be it in their temporal shape, spatial shape or wavelength. In contrast, each quantum dot is unique, especially in terms of its spectral properties, and each one emits photons at slightly different wavelengths.

To close the gap, the team used devices called quantum frequency converters to precisely tune the wavelength of the photons and match them spectrally. The researchers also used the converters to shift the original wavelengths of the photons emitted from the quantum dots (around 780 nm) to a wavelength commonly used in telecommunications (1515 nm) without altering the quantum state of the photons. This offers further advantages: “Being at telecommunication wavelengths makes the technology compatible with the existing global optical fibre network, an important step towards real-life applications,” Strobel tells Physics World.

Proof-of-principle experiment

In this work, the quantum dots were separated by an optical fibre just 10 m in length. However, the researchers aim to push this to considerably greater distances in the future. Strobel notes that the Stuttgart study was published in Nature Communications back-to-back with an independent work carried out by researchers led by Rinaldo Trotta of Sapienza University in Rome, Italy. The Rome-based group demonstrated quantum state teleportation across the Sapienza University campus at shorter wavelengths, enabled by the brightness of their quantum-dot source.

“These two papers that we published independently strengthen the measurement outcomes, demonstrating the maturity of quantum dot light sources in this domain,” Strobel says. Semiconducting quantum dots are particularly attractive for this application, he adds, because as well as producing both single and entangled photons on demand, they are also compatible with other semiconductor technologies.

Fundamental research pays off

Simone Luca Portalupi, who leads the quantum optics group at IHFG, notes that “several years of fundamental research and semiconductor technology are converging into these quantum teleportation experiments”. For Peter Michler, who led the study team, the next step is to leverage these advances to bring quantum-dot-based teleportation technology out of a controlled laboratory environment and into the real world.

Strobel points out that there is already some precedent for this, as one of the group’s previous studies showed that they could maintain photon entanglement across a 36-km fibre link deployed across the city of Stuttgart. “The natural next step would be to show that we can teleport the state of a photon across this deployed fibre link,” he says. “Our results will stimulate us to improve each building block of the experiment, from the sample to the setup.”

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Boulder-based startup plans 2026 demonstrations tied to space domain awareness

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SpaceX’s 2026 IPO plans were an early Christmas present for space investors who were already bullish about the year ahead. The move helps push the industry further into the mainstream investment and public consciousness. It also paves the way for others to go public in a capital-intensive business. Despite ongoing financial uncertainty, demand for sovereign […]

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The global security environment is becoming more volatile, not less. The war in Ukraine grinds on. China is increasingly assertive in the Indo-Pacific. The Middle East remains unstable. North Korea continues to test missiles and challenge regional stability. Together, these dynamics are straining the international system in ways not seen since the early Cold War. […]

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NASA says it is “very unlikely” the agency will be able to recover a Mars spacecraft that has been out of contact for more than a month.

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This episode of the Physics World Weekly podcast features a conversation with Tim Prior and John Devaney of the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), which is the UK’s national metrology institute.

Prior is NPL’s quantum programme manager and Devaney is its quantum standards manager. They talk about NPL’s central role in the recent launch of NMI-Q, which brings together some of the world’s leading national metrology institutes to accelerate the development and adoption of quantum technologies.

Prior and Devaney describe the challenges and opportunities of developing metrology and standards for rapidly evolving technologies including quantum sensors, quantum computing and quantum cryptography. They talk about the importance of NPL’s collaborations with industry and academia and explore the diverse career opportunities for physicists at NPL. Prior and Devaney also talk about their own careers and share their enthusiasm for working in the cutting-edge and fast-paced field of quantum metrology.

This podcast is sponsored by the National Physical Laboratory.

Further reading

Why quantum metrology is the driving force for best practice in quantum standardization

Performance metrics and benchmarks point the way to practical quantum advantage

End note: NPL retains copyright on this article.

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Carbon nanotube arrays are designed to investigate the behaviour of electrons in low‑dimensional systems. By arranging well‑aligned 1D nanotubes into a 2D film, the researchers create a coupled‑wire structure that allows them to study how electrons move and interact as the system transitions between different dimensionalities. Using a gate electrode positioned on top of the array, the researchers were able to tune both the carrier density (number of electrons and holes in a unit area) and the strength of electron–electron interactions, enabling controlled access to regimes. The nanotubes behave as weakly coupled 1D channels where electrons move along each nanotube, as a 2D Fermi liquid where the electrons can move between nanotubes behaving like a conventional metal, or as a set of quantum‑dot‑like islands showing Coulomb blockade where at low carrier densities sections of the nanotubes become isolated.

The dimensional transitions are set by two key temperatures: T₂D, where electrons begin to hop between neighbouring nanotubes, and T₁D, where the system behaves as a Luttinger liquid which is a 1D state in which electrons cannot easily pass each other and therefore move in a strongly correlated, collective way. Changing the number of holes in the nanotubes changes how strongly the tubes interact with each other. This controls when the system stops acting like separate 1D wires and when strong interactions make parts of the film break up into isolated regions that show Coulomb blockade.

The researchers built a phase diagram by looking at how the conductance changes with temperature and voltage, and by checking how well it follows power‑law behaviour at different energy ranges. This approach allows them to identify the boundaries between Tomonaga–Luttinger liquid, Fermi liquid and Coulomb blockade phases across a wide range of gate voltages and temperatures.

Overall, the work demonstrates a continuous crossover between 2D, 1D and 0D electronic behaviour in a controllable nanotube array. This provides an experimentally accessible platform for studying correlated low‑dimensional physics and offers insights relevant to the development of nanoscale electronic devices and future carbon nanotube technologies.

Do you want to learn more about this topic?

Structural approach to charge density waves in low-dimensional systems: electronic instability and chemical bonding Jean-Paul Pouget and Enric Canadell (2024)

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